七分学弟雅思大作文的开头段只需要 2 到 3 句，40 到 60 词，3 分钟写完。它篇幅短，却是考官最先读到的部分：题目有没有读懂、立场清不清楚，在这里就能看出来。本文把开头段拆成三步，给出三类题型的完整示范，再列出模板句的分级和一份交卷前自查清单。
- 改写题目用自己的话重述背景，不抄原句
- 亮明立场一句话说清同意到什么程度
- 预告分论点可选，一句话点出两个理由
开头段在评分里占什么位置
官方评分标准里，任务回应（Task Response）关注你是否回答了题目的每个部分，以及立场是否清楚。简单说，分数较低的作文常常有立场但不够清楚，较高的作文从头到尾立场都清楚。开头段是立场第一次出现的地方，写不清，后面的主体段容易越写越散。
这里只是对公开评分说明的概括，具体的分档表述请以官方评分说明为准。
6 分到 7 分之间的其他差别，见雅思写作 6 分到 6.5 分怎么提高。
第一步：改写题目，不是复制题目
改写的目的是证明你读懂了题目。常用三种手段：换同义表达、换词性、换句子结构。只换一两个词不算改写。
以这道题为例：Many people believe that children should start learning a foreign language at primary school.
| 写法 | 例句 | 问题 |
|---|---|---|
| 照抄 | Many people believe that children should start learning a foreign language at primary school. | 没有任何改动 |
| 只换同义词 | Many people think that kids should begin studying a foreign language at elementary school. | 句子结构和原句一一对应，本质上还是原句 |
| 换词性加换结构 | It is widely argued that a second language should be introduced in the early years of a child's education. | 动词变成了被动，primary school 换成了 early years，意思保持不变 |
一个简单的检查办法：把你的改写和原句并排，看有没有连续超过 4 个词完全相同。这是我们课程里的练习标准，不是官方规定，但很好用。
现象类题目的改写也一样。The number of people living alone is increasing. 可以写成 A growing proportion of the population now lives in single-person households. 名词短语变成了从句，increasing 变成了 growing proportion。
第二步：把立场写清楚
立场句要让考官一眼看出你的观点和程度。课程里把程度分成四档：
| 档位 | 常见写法 |
|---|---|
| 完全同意 | I completely agree that ... |
| 基本同意 | I largely agree with this view ... |
| 部分同意 | I partly agree, because ... |
| 反对 | I disagree with this view ... |
部分同意是可以的，但要说清同意哪一部分、不同意哪一部分。“有利有弊”不算立场。比较这三句：
题目：Some people think university education should be free for everyone. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
- A. There are both advantages and disadvantages to free university education.
- B. I partly agree, because free tuition widens access, but students should still contribute through repayment once they earn a good salary.
- C. This is a complex issue that people have different opinions on.
只有 B 表了态，并且说明了保留的部分。A 和 C 都没有回答“同意到什么程度”。
第三步：预告分论点（可选）
如果开头段已经有 40 词以上，第三句可以点出两个理由，让考官知道后面会读到什么。时间紧或者字数已经够了，就跳过。预告的两个理由要和主体段对得上，别写了没展开的。
三类题型的完整示范
下面三个开头段都是自拟的，不来自任何真题。
观点类：To what extent do you agree or disagree
题目：Some people believe that advertising aimed at children should be banned.
Advertisements targeting young children are now common on television and social media, and some argue that they should be prohibited entirely. I largely agree with this view, as children cannot judge persuasive messages critically, although limited advertising for educational products may be acceptable.
- 第一句：改写背景，targeting young children 对应 aimed at children，prohibited 对应 banned。
- 第二句：largely agree 说明程度，as 引出理由，although 说明保留的部分。
- 这一段没有预告两个分论点，但立场带了理由，已经足够。
观点类题型的段落安排和四步展开方法，见观点类题型的写法。
讨论类：Discuss both views and give your opinion
题目：Some people think museums should be free for everyone, while others believe visitors should pay an entrance fee.
Some argue that museums should admit visitors free of charge, while others consider an entrance fee a fair way to fund them. Although fees can pay for conservation work, I believe that free entry serves the public better, since access to culture should not depend on income.
- 第一句：讨论类题目里确实有两派观点，所以用 some ... while others 是合适的。
- 第二句：让步（although）加立场（I believe），理由用 since 引出。
利弊类：Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages
题目：The number of people living alone is increasing.
A growing proportion of the population now lives in single-person households. In my view, the drawbacks of this trend are more serious than its benefits, mainly because of the risk of isolation and the cost of housing.
- 这是现象题，不要写“有人认为，另一些人认为”，直接写现象，再亮立场。
- 立场句里 mainly because of 同时预告了两个分论点：isolation 和 housing。
模板句怎么分级
考官对背诵的套话很敏感。我们把常见句型分成三档：可以用、改着用、别用。
| 档位 | 句型 | 原因 |
|---|---|---|
| 可以用 | In my view, ... / I would argue that ... | 简洁地亮明立场 |
| 可以用 | While it is true that ..., ... | 让步结构，后面接自己的立场 |
| 改着用 | Some people argue that ..., while others maintain that ... | 只用于讨论类，观点类和现象题不需要“两派人” |
| 改着用 | It is often argued that ... | 后面要紧跟对题目的具体改写，不能只换几个词 |
| 别用 | Nowadays, more and more people ... | 与题目无关的通用开头，换哪道题都能用 |
| 别用 | There is no doubt that ... | 用在有争议的话题上显得武断 |
| 别用 | This essay will discuss both perspectives and provide my opinion that ... | 预告句占字数，直接表态更好 |
交卷前自查清单
写完开头段后，用 1 分钟逐条检查：
- 有没有连续超过 4 个词和原题相同？
- 一眼能看出同意到什么程度吗？“有利有弊”不算。
- 题目里的每个子任务，开头段有没有提到？
- 字数在 40 到 60 词之间吗？
- 有没有一句换了题目也能用的套话？
- 预告的分论点，主体段都会展开吗？
练习
先拿下面两道题各写一个开头段，再用上面的清单检查：
- Some people think that governments should spend money on public transport rather than on building new roads. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
- More and more people are choosing to work from home. Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?
我们的课程在第 2 单元用三节课带你练这些步骤：转述、亮立场、把开头段连成型。前两章免费，可以先登录试学。AI 批改会给出具体问题，但 AI 可能出错，分数只用来找问题。
想用一篇完整的 Task 2 试一次，可以粘贴到雅思写作 AI 批改，免费试一次，注册后再免费批改 3 次。AI 分数仅供参考。